Criminal Justice Practice Exam

Which term refers to efforts that divert individuals from the traditional criminal justice process to more alternative programs?

1. A) Probation

2. B) Diversion

3. C) Parole

4. D) Shock incarceration

The correct answer is: B) Diversion

The term that most accurately describes efforts to divert individuals from the traditional criminal justice process to more alternative programs is "diversion." Diversion programs are designed to redirect offenders away from the formal judicial system, often providing them with opportunities for rehabilitation, education, and community service instead of incarceration. This approach aligns well with the goals of reducing recidivism, addressing underlying issues such as addiction or mental health challenges, and alleviating overcrowded prison populations. Probation refers to a sentencing option where individuals are allowed to remain in the community under specific conditions rather than serving time in prison. While it involves alternative supervision, it does not encompass the broader concept of diverting individuals before formal charges are made or sentencing occurs. Parole, on the other hand, is the conditional release of an individual from prison before the completion of their sentence, based on good behavior or other factors. Like probation, it involves post-conviction supervision rather than the pre-trial diversion efforts. Shock incarceration refers to a form of sentencing that includes a short, intense period of incarceration followed by a period of probation. While it aims to deter future criminal behavior, it does not specifically divert individuals away from the criminal justice system in the same way that diversion programs do.